Simulation of Interaction Energy of Hemoglobin Docking with Nano Biomaterials for Hypoglycemic Treatment
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.71109/nmi.2025.1.2.8Keywords:
Forxiga, docking, blood sugar, Simulation, Glucose, nano Cinnamon, diabetesAbstract
Simulation of the electronic and thermodynamic properties of deoxyhemoglobin docking with nano Cinnamon and Glucose, as well as the docking of glucose with hypoglycemic medications, were studied using the Gaussian 09 program. The optimized structures of the dockings were executed. The effect of the drug (Forxiga) and (nano Cinnamon) docking with deoxyhemoglobin was ascertained. The results show that the deoxyhemoglobin docking with nano Cinnamon causes a non-spontaneous change in Gibbs free energy. Moreover, the change in enthalpy indicates that every reaction is endothermic. Thus, it can be concluded that, whereas nano Cinnamon is docking with deoxyhemoglobin safe and harmless. Glucose has a negative effect on the human body's circulation. Structures have been modeled and prepared in the GaussView 6.0.16 program using density functional theory at the level (B3LYP), with basis set (6 -311G(d,p)).
References
P. González, P. Lozano, G. Ros, and F. Solano, "Hyperglycemia and oxidative stress: An integral, updated and critical overview of their metabolic interconnections," International Journal of Molecular Sciences, vol. 24, no. 11, p. 9352, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ijms24119352.
P. E. Aba and I. U. Asuzu, "Mechanisms of actions of some bioactive anti-diabetic principles from phytochemicals of medicinal plants: A review," Indian Journal of Natural Products and Resources (IJNPR)[Formerly Natural Product Radiance (NPR)], vol. 9, no. 2, p. 85-96, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.56042/ijnpr.v9i2.18388.
N. Kheriji et al., "The Role of Dietary Intake in Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Importance of Macro and Micronutrients in Glucose Homeostasis," Nutrients, vol. 14, no. 10, p. 2132, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.3390/nu14102132.
O. Ben-Yacov and M. Rein, "Precision nutrition for type 2 diabetes," in Precision Medicine in Diabetes: A Multidisciplinary Approach to an Emerging Paradigm: Springer, 2022, pp. 233-249.
https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-98927-9_12.
D. Cheng, H. Gao, and W. Li, "Long-term risk of rosiglitazone on cardiovascular events—A systematic review and meta-analysis," Endokrynologia Polska, vol. 69, no. 4, p. 381-394, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2018.0036.
I. Cock, N. Ndlovu, and S. Van Vuuren, "The use of South African botanical species for the control of blood sugar," Journal of Ethnopharmacology, vol. 264, p. 113234, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jep.2020.113234.
R. K. Al-Ishaq, M. Abotaleb, P. Kubatka, K. Kajo, and D. Büsselberg, "Flavonoids and their anti-diabetic effects: Cellular mechanisms and effects to improve blood sugar levels," Biomolecules, vol. 9, no. 9, p. 430, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biom9090430.
J. Blahova, M. Martiniakova, M. Babikova, V. Kovacova, V. Mondockova, and R. Omelka, "Pharmaceutical drugs and natural therapeutic products for the treatment of type 2 diabetes mellitus," Pharmaceuticals, vol. 14, no. 8, p. 806, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ph14080806.
M. Barbot, F. Ceccato, and C. Scaroni, "Diabetes mellitus secondary to Cushing’s disease," Frontiers in endocrinology, vol. 9, p. 284, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.3389/fendo.2018.00284.
A. Bellelli and J. R. Tame, "Hemoglobin allostery and pharmacology," Molecular Aspects of Medicine, vol. 84, p. 101037, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mam.2021.101037.
C. Spence, "Cinnamon: The historic spice, medicinal uses, and flavour chemistry," International Journal of Gastronomy and Food Science, p. 100858, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijgfs.2023.100858.
A. Patel, S. Tiwari, N. Pandey, D. Gupta, and S. M. Prasad, "Role of spices beyond a flavouring agent: The antioxidant and medicinal properties," in Research Anthology on Recent Advancements in Ethnopharmacology and Nutraceuticals: IGI Global, 2022, pp. 5-35.
https://doi.org/10.4018/978-1-6684-3546-5.ch032.
A. K. Meena, S. Rajput, S. Chaturvedi, D. Parashar, and L. Sharma, "Standardization & evaluation of anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory and antimicrobial potential of," International Journal of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Analysis, vol. 9, no. 4, p. 156-165, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.18231/j.ijpca.2022.032.
A. J. Scheen, "Careful use to minimize adverse events of oral antidiabetic medications in the elderly," Expert Opinion on Pharmacotherapy, vol. 22, no. 16, p. 2149-2165, 2021.
https://doi.org/10.1080/14656566.2021.1912735.
P. P. Alexandros, "Effect of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists and sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors on controlled attenuation parameter in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease: a systematic review and meta-analysis," MSc., The Faculty of Health Sciences, School of Medicine, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, Greece, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.26262/heal.auth.ir.344903.
T. Zhao, R. Terracciano, J. Becker, A. Monaco, G. Yilmaz, and C. R. Becer, "Hierarchy of complex Glycomacromolecules: from controlled topologies to biomedical applications," Biomacromolecules, vol. 23, no. 3, p. 543-575, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.biomac.1c01294.
L. Tang, S. J. Chang, C.-J. Chen, and J.-T. Liu, "Non-invasive blood glucose monitoring technology: a review," Sensors, vol. 20, no. 23, p. 6925, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.3390/s20236925.
B. Huang, G. F. von Rudorff, and O. A. von Lilienfeld, "The central role of density functional theory in the AI age," Science, vol. 381, no. 6654, p. 170-175, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1126/science.abn3445.
S. Vuckovic, A. Gerolin, K. J. Daas, H. Bahmann, G. Friesecke, and P. Gori‐Giorgi, "Density functionals based on the mathematical structure of the strong‐interaction limit of DFT," Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Computational Molecular Science, vol. 13, no. 2, p. e1634, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1002/wcms.1634.
B. Singha and K. Ray, "Density functional theory insights on photocatalytic ability of CuO/TiO2 and CuO/ZnO," Materials Today: Proceedings, vol. 72, p. 451-458, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.matpr.2022.08.313.
K. I. Williamson, D. J. Herr, and Y. Mo, "Mapping the correlations between bandgap, HOMO, and LUMO trends for meta substituted Zn‐MOFs," Journal of Computational Chemistry, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1002/jcc.27432.
B. B. Kadhim, A. Al-Rubaiee, and M. T. Matrood, "Structural and electronic properties of InGaP nanocrystal diamantane drug carrier," Am J Mater Sci, vol. 7, p. 12-17, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.5923/j.materials.20170701.02.
S. Vadhel, P. Vinodkumar, and M. Vinodkumar, "Theoretical Investigation of Dissociative Electron Attachment of Acrylonitrile," The Journal of Physical Chemistry A, vol. 127, no. 21, p. 4734-4742, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpca.3c01712.
C. D. Hallock and M. J. Rose, "Electrochemical Impedance of Well-Passivated Semiconductors Reveals Bandgaps, Fermi Levels, and Interfacial Density of States," Journal of the American Chemical Society, vol. 146, no. 28, p. 18989-18998, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.4c02738.
F. Hu et al., "Energy-Level Alignment Governs Doping-Related Fermi-Level Shifts in Polymer Films," ACS Applied Electronic Materials, vol. 5, no. 10, p. 5687-5695, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaelm.3c01033.
S. A. Marye, R. R. Kumar, A. Useinov, and N. Tumilty, "Thermal stability, work function and Fermi level analysis of 2D multi-layered hexagonal boron nitride films," Microelectronic Engineering, vol. 283, p. 112106, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.mee.2023.112106.
B. B. Kadhim and H. O. Muhsen, "Structural and electronic properties of SWGaPNT drug carrier," Nanoscience and Nanotechnology, vol. 7, no. 1, p. 9-13, 2017.
https://doi.org/10.5923/j.nn.20170701.03.
V. Aiassa, C. Garnero, A. Zoppi, and M. R. Longhi, "Cyclodextrins and their derivatives as drug stability modifiers," Pharmaceuticals, vol. 16, no. 8, p. 1074, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.3390/ph16081074.
K. Berijani, A. Morsali, and H. Garcia, "Synthetic strategies to obtain MOFs and related solids with multimodal pores," Microporous and Mesoporous Materials, vol. 349, p. 112410, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.micromeso.2022.112410.
J.-H. Li, H.-Y. Zhang, Q.-W. Shi, J. Ying, and C. Janiak, "Encapsulated Pt-based nanoparticles for catalysis," Progress in Materials Science, p. 101335, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.pmatsci.2024.101335.
M. A. Abdulsattar, N. M. Almaroof, and H. R. Jabbar, "Interaction thermodynamics of human hemoglobin with environmental and toxic gases: A density functional theory study," in 2nd International Conference on Physics and Applied Sciences (ICPAS 2021), , College of Education, Mustansiriyah University, Baghdad, Iraq., 2021, vol. 1963, no. 1, p. 012132: IOP Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1088/1742-6596/1963/1/012132.
B. B. Kadhim and S. A. Jaber, "Simulation of Interaction Energy and Thermodynamic Investigations of Hemoglobin Docking with Nanomaterial in Heroin Addiction Case," Journal of Nano Materials Impact, vol. 1, no. 1, p. 7-13, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.71109/nmi.2025.1.1.4.
Z. Mahdavifar and R. Moridzadeh, "Theoretical prediction of encapsulation and adsorption of platinum-anticancer drugs into single walled boron nitride and carbon nanotubes," Journal of Inclusion Phenomena and Macrocyclic Chemistry, vol. 79, p. 443-457, 2014.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s10847-013-0367-1.
X. Hu, I. Maffucci, and A. Contini, "Advances in the treatment of explicit water molecules in docking and binding free energy calculations," Current medicinal chemistry, vol. 26, no. 42, p. 7598-7622, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.2174/0929867325666180514110824.
K. Zhou, J. Chen, T. Wang, Y. Su, L. Qiao, and Y. Yan, "Effect of surface energy on protein adsorption behaviours of treated CoCrMo alloy surfaces," Applied Surface Science, vol. 520, p. 146354, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.apsusc.2020.146354.
S. Pushpam, V. Sheelarani, S. Christopher Jeyaseelan, and A. Milton Franklin Benial, "Spectroscopic, Quantum Chemical and Molecular Docking Studies on N-(9H-Purin-6-yl) Benzamide: A Potent Antimalarial Agent," Polycyclic Aromatic Compounds, p. 1-24, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1080/10406638.2023.2259051.
V. Khleskov, B. Burykin, and A. Smirnov, "Electronic structure of iron porphyrins and hemoproteins and parameters of their Mössbauer spectra," Journal of Structural Chemistry, vol. 30, no. 4, p. 656-671, 1989.
https://doi.org/10.1007/BF00751463.
H. Bakhach, M. Nuffer, S. Tall Bull, and W. Nuffer, "A Systematic Review Evaluating Cinnamon's Effects on Glucose Utilizing a Ranking System to Assess Bias and Study Quality," Journal of Medicinal Food, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1089/jmf.2023.0277.
Y. Liu et al., "Effects of cinnamon powder on glucose metabolism in diabetic mice and the molecular mechanisms," Foods, vol. 12, no. 20, p. 3852, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.3390/foods12203852.
M. F. Sarwar, A. Zahra, M. F. Awan, S. Ali, M. Shafiq, and K. Muzammil, "Assessing the efficacy of cinnamon compounds against H. pylori through molecular docking, MD Simulations and ADMET analyses," Plos one, vol. 19, no. 3, p. e0299378, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0299378.
J. S. Jiménez and M. J. Benítez, "Gibbs Free Energy and Enthalpy–Entropy Compensation in Protein–Ligand Interactions," Biophysica, vol. 4, no. 2, p. 298-309, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.3390/biophysica4020021.
S. M. Tayebi, A. H. Nouri, B. Tartibian, S. Ahmadabadi, A. Basereh, and I. Jamhiri, "Effects of swimming training in hot and cold temperatures combined with cinnamon supplementation on HbA1C levels, TBC1D1, and TBC1D4 in diabetic rats," Nutrition & Diabetes, vol. 14, no. 1, p. 1, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41387-023-00256-0.
M. M. Radhi, A. I. Ibrahim, M. S. Jabir, E. A. J. Al-Mulla, and W. H. Hoidy, "Nano Cinnamon: A Study in Human Blood Medium Using Cyclic Voltammetry on Glassy Carbon Electrode (GCE)," Nano Biomed. Eng, vol. 14, no. 2, p. 167-172, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.5101/nbe.v14i2.p167-172.
S. N. Mohsin, F. Saleem, A. Humayun, A. Tanweer, and A. Muddassir, "Prospective Nutraceutical Effects of Cinnamon Derivatives Against Insulin Resistance in Type II Diabetes Mellitus—Evidence From the Literature," Dose-Response, vol. 21, no. 3, p. 15593258231200527, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.1177/15593258231200527.
B. Wanniarachchi, H. Sathsarani, B. M. Jayawardena, and H. Dewangani, "Synthesis and Characterization of Cinnamon Loaded BSA Microparticles with Antidiabetic Properties," Biology, Medicine, & Natural Product Chemistry, vol. 12, no. 1, p. 241-250, 2023.
https://doi.org/10.14421/biomedich.2023.121.241-250.
A. S. D. Wickramasinghe, A. P. Attanayake, and P. Kalansuriya, "Herbal extracts encapsulated nanoliposomes as potential glucose-lowering agents: An in vitro and in vivo approach using three herbal extracts," Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, vol. 112, no. 9, p. 2538-2551, 2023.
Downloads
Published
How to Cite
Issue
Section
License
Copyright (c) 2025 Journal of Nano Materials Impact

This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License.
The Journal of Nano Materials Impact (NanoMatImp) is dedicated to making research accessible to the broadest possible audience. It operates on an open-access publishing model, which means that all articles are available online without any restrictions. The author(s) retain the copyright of the published work.
The work published in NanoMatImp is covered by a Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International License (CC-BY 4.0). This license allows others to share, copy, distribute, and transmit the work, as long as they attribute it correctly, indicating the original author(s) and the source. They are also free to adapt - remix, transform, and build upon the material for any purpose, even using the material for commercial purposes.