PVP-Mediated Synthesis of CeO2 Nanoparticles: Characterization and Application in AKI Serum Modulation
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.23851/nmi.2026.2.1.18Keywords:
CeO2 nanoparticles, Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP), AKI, XRD, SEM, TEM, oxidative stressAbstract
In this study, cerium oxide nanoparticles (CeO2 NPs) were successfully synthesized using a PVP-assisted co-precipitation method to evaluate their clinical efficacy on the biochemical markers of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI). The use of Polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) as a capping agent during synthesis was critical in controlling particle growth and preventing agglomeration. In structural characterization of CeO2 NPs, the average crystallite size of XRD found to be 30 nm and the average particle size of FESEM found to be 35 nm, while the average diameter in TEM analysis shows (mean±SD) value about 6.913±1.644 nm. The therapeutic potential was assessed in vitro using serum samples from 60 male participants (30 AKI patients and 30 healthy controls). The results demonstrated that CeO2 NPs in AKI samples significantly reduced elevated levels of serum urea (p=0.108), creatinine (p=0.083), and Glutathione S-transferase pi (GSTpi) (p=0.019). The used of CeO2 NPs as potent antioxidant mimetics due to the reversible Ce3+/Ce4+ redox cycle and high surface-to-volume ratio. By mitigating oxidative stress and inflammatory markers, CeO2 NPs show significant promise as a renal-protective agent. These findings highlight the potential of engineered nanoceria in treating renal complications, though further in vivo validation is warranted.
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